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Detection of PNH red cell population in a cohort of patients by using the gel test in a resource constrained country: a cross-sectional study

Noorul Ain Fareed, Munira Borhany, Sana Khurram, Jawad Hasan, Imran Naseer, Samsun Boota, Muhammad Nadeem, Tahir S Shamsi

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal stem cell disorder that is caused due to the absence of certain glycosylphophatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins, such as CD55 and CD59. This accounts for the complement-mediated hemolysis. The gel card test is a useful screening tool to detect red cell antigen-antibody reactions. This is a fairly easy test to perform. The objective of our study was to detect PNH red cell population (CD55-ve & CD59-ve) using the PNH gel card as a quick screening test where flow cytometry test is not available. A cross sectional study in which patients and healthy donors were included at the National Institute of Blood Disease’s blood bank department. Clinico-pathological parameters were entered. All the peripheral blood samples of patients were collected in EDTA and evaluated through ID PNH gel card (BIO RAD) screening test. A total of 41 patients were enrolled, including 26 (63.4%) males & 15 (36.5%) females. Median age was 36.5 years (range 09-64 years). Forty-one healthy blood donors were also tested along with patients for PNH using the PNH gel test. Out of the 41.7 (17%) patients showed significant population of PNH red cells while all the healthy blood donors were negative. In Pakistan, due to the non-availability of flow cytometry for PNH in many centers, the presence of PNH clone could not be confirmed in these patients. The gel test appears to be a useful screening tool for PNH because of its simplicity and the ease with which its results could be interpreted.


 
Publication d'évaluation par les pairs pour les associations, les sociétés et les universités pulsus-health-tech
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