SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped, positive-polarity, and single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the beta-coronavirus group. SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic pathogen and can cause symptoms ranging from mild clinical course to severe lower respiratory tract infection, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), when it infects humans (1). SARS-CoV-2 has a genetic similarity of 79% to SARS-CoV, 50% to MERS-CoV, and ~96% to coronaviruses found in bats. The main feature of SARS-CoV-2, which appears to have been formed as a result of a new mutation, is that it easily binds to the ACE2 receptor, especially lung type 2 alveoli cells in humans, and uses the ACE2 receptor as the entry gate to the cells (2). Replication of the virus, which enters the cell by binding to ACE2, begins, and the inflammatory reaction chain is triggered. Depending on the age of the host and the immune system, the severity of the inflammatory reaction occurs. It mainly affects the natural immune system and leads to the release of cytokines. They are viruses with positive polarity. They do not contain RdRP enzymes but the genetic structure to code. They produce this enzyme in the host cells they enter. In the presence of an effective RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, it is thought that this drug may be effective against the replication of the virus and possible mutations that the virus may pass through. SARS-CoV-2 is mainly spread through droplets and direct contact.
