Despite an array of cogent antibiotics, bacterial infections, notably those produced by nosocomial pathogens, still remain a number one factor of morbidity and mortality round the globe. they aim the severely ill, hospitalized and immunocompromised patients with incapacitated system , who are susceptible to infections. the selection of antimicrobial therapy is essentially empirical and not barren of toxicity, hypersensitivity, teratogenicity and/or mutagenicity. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria further intensifies the clinical predicament because it directly impacts public health thanks to diminished potency of current antibiotics. additionally , there's an escalating concern with reference to biofilm-associated infections that are refractory to the presently available antimicrobial armory, leaving almost no therapeutic option. Hence, there's a dire got to develop alternate antibacterial agents. The past decade has witnessed a considerable upsurge within the global use of nanomedicines as innovative tools for combating the high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Antibacterial activity of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been extensively reported. The microbes are eliminated either by microbicidal effects of the NPs, like release of free metal ions culminating in cell wall damage, DNA interactions or radical generation, or by microbiostatic effects including killing potentiated by the host's system .
